A Beginner’s Guide to PACA Administrative Actions: What You Need to Know

If you’re in the produce industry, you might have heard the term PACA tossed around in legal and business conversations. But what does it really mean, and why does it matter? Whether you’re a grower, distributor, or buyer, PACA—short for the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act—plays a crucial role in protecting your rights and ensuring fair trade practices.

In this blog post, we’ll break down the essentials of PACA administrative actions in a way that’s easy to understand. By the time you finish reading, you’ll know what PACA is, why it’s important, and what steps to take if you find yourself involved in a PACA-related dispute.

What is PACA?

PACA, or the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act of 1930, is a federal law that regulates the buying and selling of fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables in the United States. The law is designed to promote fair trading practices and protect everyone involved in the produce supply chain, from farmers to retailers.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) oversees PACA through its Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS). If disputes arise over unpaid invoices, contract breaches, or other issues in the produce trade, PACA provides a framework for resolving them.

Who Does PACA Apply To?

PACA applies to:

• Growers and farmers: Individuals or businesses producing perishable agricultural commodities.
• Shippers and distributors: Entities involved in the transportation and sale of fresh or frozen produce.
• Wholesalers and retailers: Businesses that buy produce for resale, including grocery stores and restaurants.

If you’re part of the produce industry, PACA compliance is essential for staying in business and avoiding serious penalties.

What Are PACA Administrative Actions?

PACA administrative actions are legal steps taken to address violations of the act. These actions are typically initiated when one party in a produce transaction accuses another of breaching PACA regulations. Common reasons for PACA administrative actions include:

1. Failure to pay for produce: If a buyer doesn’t pay for the produce they’ve received, the seller can file a PACA complaint.
2. Breaches of contract: This includes disputes over pricing, quality, or delivery terms.
3. Fraud or misrepresentation: False claims about the condition, quantity, or origin of produce can trigger PACA actions.

The USDA investigates these complaints, and if a violation is found, they may take action against the offending party.

Steps in a PACA Administrative Action

If you’re involved in a PACA dispute, here’s what you can expect during the process:

1. Filing a Complaint

The first step is for the aggrieved party to file a formal complaint with the USDA’s PACA division. The complaint must include:

• A description of the dispute.
• Evidence, such as contracts, invoices, or communications.
• A filing fee 

2. Investigation

Once the complaint is filed, the USDA reviews the evidence and investigates the matter. Both parties will be asked to provide additional documentation to support their claims.

3. Informal Resolution

The USDA often encourages parties to settle disputes informally before proceeding to formal enforcement. Many cases are resolved at this stage through negotiation or mediation.

4. Formal Proceedings

If the issue cannot be resolved informally, the USDA may initiate formal administrative proceedings. This could include:

• A hearing before an administrative law judge.
• The issuance of orders, such as requiring payment or imposing penalties.

Why PACA Administrative Actions Matter

PACA administrative actions aren’t just about resolving disputes—they’re about maintaining trust and integrity in the produce industry. Here’s why they’re important:

• Protecting payments: PACA ensures that sellers are paid promptly for their goods, which is essential for keeping businesses afloat.
• Promoting accountability: Buyers and sellers are held to high ethical and legal standards, reducing the likelihood of fraud.
• Leveling the playing field: Smaller businesses have the tools to defend themselves against larger, more powerful players in the industry.

What Happens If You Violate PACA?

Violating PACA can have serious consequences, including:

• License suspension or revocation: Companies that fail to comply with PACA may lose their ability to operate in the produce trade.
• Financial penalties: Violators may be required to pay hefty fines or compensate the injured party.
• Personal liability: Owners, officers, and directors of companies may be held personally responsible for unpaid debts.

If you’re facing a PACA violation, it’s crucial to take the matter seriously and seek legal guidance.

How We Can Help

At Ayala Law, we specialize in helping businesses navigate the complexities of PACA administrative actions. Our team has extensive experience representing growers, distributors, and buyers in disputes involving unpaid invoices, contract breaches, and more.

Here’s how we can assist:

• Filing and defending complaints: We’ll ensure your case is presented clearly and effectively.
• Negotiation and settlement: Our goal is to resolve disputes quickly and cost-effectively.
• Representation in hearings: If formal proceedings are necessary, we’ll advocate for you every step of the way.

If you’re facing a PACA-related dispute or want to ensure you’re in compliance with the law, contact one of our experienced attorneys at 305-570-2208. You can also email our lead attorney Eduardo directly at eduardo@ayalalawpa.com.  

We at Ayala Law PA are passionate about helping those in legal need, so please don’t hesitate to schedule a case evaluation with us online here. 

[The opinions in this blog are not intended to be legal advice. You should consult with an attorney about the particulars of your case].